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Key

Succinate dehydrogenase, which catalyzes succinate oxidation to fumarate, is the only enzyme in the tricarboxylic acids cycle that is not free in the mytochondrial matrix: it is an integral membrane protein. Its substrate transfers two electrons to a flavin adenine dinucleotide ( FAD). One by one, those electrons are then transfered by Fe-S clusters to a heme , which donates two electrons to a lipid-soluble molecule, ubiquinone (Q), converting it in ubiquinol (QH₂). Since the succinate/fumarate redox potential is very close to that of the Q/QH₂ pair, the free energy change in this step is not enough to pump electrons from the matrix to the intermembrane space.

Other interactive models:

NADH dehidrogenase Cytochrome bc1 complex Cytochrome c oxidase Succinate dehidrogenase Anti-parallel β-sheet α-helix Parallel β-sheet Hemoglobin Oxyhemoglobin (I) Oxyhemoglobin (II)

Metabolic pathways:

Fermentation and respiration Fatty acids metabolism Glycolysis Citric acid cycle Glycogen synthesis and glycogenolysis Gluconeogenesis Aminoacid degradation and urea cycle Pentose phosphate pathway Metabolic regulation and integration

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